Critical assessment of the contention that todays globalised business Essay

Critical assessment of the contention that todays globalised business environment is mainly about the production of flows, and needs to take little account of territories - Essay Example Flows are a significant part of the current globalization process because they allow for cultures and economies of different countries to be integrated to one another. This leads to the creation of a common style of doing things and a step towards the development of a common global culture (Wolf 2004). A territory refers to a defined area of water and land mass, and air owned by a country, state, organization or a person. People have often hold the view that globalization has caused the dissolving of all boundaries and borders and that cultural influences, people and money can flow freely all round the globe. According to such a view, the globalised business environment is basically about the creation of needs and flows that take little consideration of territories. However, there are instances in which we find that the flows of goods, technologies or services are subject to territory border restrictions (Bhagwati 2004). ICT has played a significant role in globalization because it has changed the environment in which services and goods are created and distributed. Currently, people move across international boundaries for purposes of business, studies, searching for better economic opportunities and tourism. This in turn has led to transfer of technologies, trade patterns and factor endowments across the world. (Freeman 2006). Even with the potential advantages of globalisation, there are still policies that control or restrict the free movement of workers into advanced labour markets. Some territories continue to be a significant part of today’s globalization to a great extends for example the San Diego-Tijuana. Tijuana-San Diego lies on the border between, San Diego and Tijuana, two large coastal cities in North America. The international metropolitan area is located at the junction of major state routes, interstates and federal highways. It is positioned at the terminus of 10 major federal highways and interstates. Stiglitz(2006) explains that such a strategic position is important for globalization because it serves as a point which people or states meet and integrate. It facilitates easy flow and exchange of ideas, goods, capital, technology and people. San Diego is a significant area of culture finance, and economies in California while Tijuana is a significant regional business center in northwestern Mexico. Globalization has enabled the region to remain as a dominant commercial center in the US. According to Noah Timothy (2010), San Diego experiences the most active land-crossing in the world as people cross for business and tourist purposes. Globalisation has allowed san Diego-Tijuana to grow to a powerful economic region in the California. As much as globalization has increased the flow of goods or people across borders, there are still some policies and trade regulations in some countries that restrict the importation of certain goods (Bhagwati 2004). For exa mple the importation of certain merchandise are restricted or totally prohibited in Portugal to protect its economy and security while some are subject to restrain under import quota (US. Department of Commerce 2010).This means that globalization does not have the power to disregard territories. The current flow of goods people, finance and cultural ideas around has bound up territories through the creation of a global competitive environment that

Cultural diversity and its effects on child development Research Paper

Cultural diversity and its effects on child development - Research Paper Example It is also of importance to consider several elements required to help reduce negative effect of cultural diversity on developing children. Conclusively, better understanding of cultural diversity of children is through introduction of education during tender ages. Cultural diversity and its effects on the development of kids Cultural diversity is a term used to denote the difference arising in diverse cultures within a certain region. The principal cultural diversity element affecting growth of children is communication, which entails mass media and journalism. The existence of many tribes in a particular region results to an increase in the effects that culture is likely to have on the progress of children. Communication differs from a tribe to another. Desire of children to learn about the moral values of other cultures increases the probability of cultural confusion. Children concerned about other cultures lack the capability to determine the best of the cultural morals. Accordin g to the Centre for Educational Research and Innovation (2010), lack of adverse knowledge on the culture of other tribes leads to negative influence towards progressing children. Reducing negative impact of cultural diversity a) Developing an effective way to address diversity Cultural diversity can have a positive effect on the progress of children through learning. ... Communication is vital, as it is the basis of passing over understandable information regarding the culture of other tribes. Parents should enlighten children on the importance of their culture in coming times. For instance, children need to know that strict observation of the ancient cultural morals is of importance, as it helps gain respect from other communities (Robinson, & Jones-Diaz, 2006). An additional element of improving the current way of developing children through diversity of culture in a positive manner is through educational institutions. The Centre for Educational Research and Innovation (2010) asserts that teachers need to have advanced training to be able to meet the needs of various children. It is a basic requirement for teachers to take part in special training programs to be able to cope with character of children from different cultural societies. Acquisition of knowledge of various cultures helps children in that teachers necessitate the need to respect the c ulture of other states. b) Impact of diversity on development of kids Progression of children appears to be excellent when children are portraying good manners in the society. Despite the concern that the community, parents, and teachers have on the effect of culture on development of kids, ignorance of children is the principal issue to the negative effects of culture on their (young kid’s) growth. There are various ways of enhancing strategies of developing children from diverse cultures. For one, there is the need for early exposure to the values of various cultures. Children with an experience of diverse cultures since the time when then they were young throughout their adult stages are at the forefront in depicting good morals

Critical assessment of the contention that todays globalised business Essay

Critical assessment of the contention that todays globalised business environment is mainly about the production of flows, and needs to take little account of territories - Essay Example Flows are a significant part of the current globalization process because they allow for cultures and economies of different countries to be integrated to one another. This leads to the creation of a common style of doing things and a step towards the development of a common global culture (Wolf 2004). A territory refers to a defined area of water and land mass, and air owned by a country, state, organization or a person. People have often hold the view that globalization has caused the dissolving of all boundaries and borders and that cultural influences, people and money can flow freely all round the globe. According to such a view, the globalised business environment is basically about the creation of needs and flows that take little consideration of territories. However, there are instances in which we find that the flows of goods, technologies or services are subject to territory border restrictions (Bhagwati 2004). ICT has played a significant role in globalization because it has changed the environment in which services and goods are created and distributed. Currently, people move across international boundaries for purposes of business, studies, searching for better economic opportunities and tourism. This in turn has led to transfer of technologies, trade patterns and factor endowments across the world. (Freeman 2006). Even with the potential advantages of globalisation, there are still policies that control or restrict the free movement of workers into advanced labour markets. Some territories continue to be a significant part of today’s globalization to a great extends for example the San Diego-Tijuana. Tijuana-San Diego lies on the border between, San Diego and Tijuana, two large coastal cities in North America. The international metropolitan area is located at the junction of major state routes, interstates and federal highways. It is positioned at the terminus of 10 major federal highways and interstates. Stiglitz(2006) explains that such a strategic position is important for globalization because it serves as a point which people or states meet and integrate. It facilitates easy flow and exchange of ideas, goods, capital, technology and people. San Diego is a significant area of culture finance, and economies in California while Tijuana is a significant regional business center in northwestern Mexico. Globalization has enabled the region to remain as a dominant commercial center in the US. According to Noah Timothy (2010), San Diego experiences the most active land-crossing in the world as people cross for business and tourist purposes. Globalisation has allowed san Diego-Tijuana to grow to a powerful economic region in the California. As much as globalization has increased the flow of goods or people across borders, there are still some policies and trade regulations in some countries that restrict the importation of certain goods (Bhagwati 2004). For exa mple the importation of certain merchandise are restricted or totally prohibited in Portugal to protect its economy and security while some are subject to restrain under import quota (US. Department of Commerce 2010).This means that globalization does not have the power to disregard territories. The current flow of goods people, finance and cultural ideas around has bound up territories through the creation of a global competitive environment that

Summary of article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summary of - Article Example A rather shortsighted tendency exists where clubs look at the contracts as an easy source of revenue while clubs also go into the contracts as a tactic for marketing communication. The objective from both parties ought to be building relationships, acquisition and development of resources and strategy for networking. But many corporates as well as clubs have continued to view the sponsorship contracts as short-term hence failing to strategically evaluate the kind of contracts they go into. Corporates in most cases have tendencies of hurrying into contracts with clubs without proper negotiations, hence failing develop and manage the relationships. There is therefore a need to proactively monitor the contracts on the side of sponsors especially, negotiate properly, enter the contracts for reasons more than just communication, make rational decisions on the same and ultimately enter into relationships that add value. With growth in value of sponsorship programs not being questionable organizations must think broadly and consider the contracts as strategy, networking and relationship building avenues. There is a need to leave the short-term perspective of the transactions and embrace a long-term value approach in signing the sponsorship

Thoughts about climate change Essay Example for Free

Thoughts about climate change Essay The world has over the last century gone through big changes. This does not only concern the changes in technology but also how countries nowadays are able to interact with each other. The new technology have mad it possible to transfer and spread information faster than ever before. These changes have lead to huge possibilities when it comes to researches, to do researches that earlier have not been doable. For example when it comes to knowledge about illnesses and health. Earlier people died from deceases that the healthcare today has the knowledge to cure. This is only one thing out of many improvements that has been going on over the past years. Because of this development is had made me think about how little we knew before and how much we know now. Today it is possible to measure and gain knowledge about almost anything. Such as weather, water stream, temperature changes, rainfall and much more. It is possible to se changes that occur on the planet. This makes me think and be concerned about what does really happen on planet earth? This question and thoughts that have been brought up makes me interested to learn and get a bigger perspective about â€Å"changing climate†. Questions regarding our climate have in the past years been up for discussion on several channels. It is possible to read about climate in the news sometimes you can here about it on the television or even hear it on broadcasts. This has made people more aware than before and also made an increased interest in how different factors affects the climate of the planet. This is a good thing cause personally I think that there are many things that need to change. Especially when it comes to the affects on climate. To start making changes everyone, all countries must work together. This is where I can se the first problem. For example when it comes to Global warming. Researches have seen several changes occurring over the past years and they are telling the world by giving out analyses and results in order to make people aware. They have seen changes that have never happened before  and they want to do something about it. The respond from countries and societies is not what it should be. My thoughts are that people live and grow up in different cultures, what someone thinks is important may someone else think is unimportant. For some people survival is a challenge and for others how to succeed at work is another. People have their own priorities and values and to make everyone agree and think the same can be hard. This is one of the reasons that make me wanting to study and learn about climate. For me climate change is something I can se happen but not while we live. Looking at issues concerning climate brings me one big question that I think of whish is â€Å"how other people think†. It is interesting so se and learn about climate and to get a perspective of how different everyone looks at it. While growing up nature and thinking about the climate has always been something I have been surrounded by. In Sweden where I am from nature is important and so is the climate. Early in school we were introduced and gained knowledge about different things concerning nature and the climate. What we decided to about our knowledge is another thing. I have always been fascinated in extreme weather and climate as long as I can remember. This is another reason for why this course about climate is something that interests me. Depending on where we are located on earth the nature and weather will be different so will the species of animals. But in the end we are on the same planet. Consequences from climate change that are likely to happen will probably not be in our favour it will instead force us to change our ways of living. The outcome from climate change could also be so damaging that even if we start preventing climate change now it could be too late. Climate change is something really complex and it makes it even more fascinating. How are scientists supposed to argue and make people change? What needs to be said or done until people realizes that climate change is an important topic to actually pay attention to. Will people start to care when water level rise or when they actually can se they difference in the climate? Some people think that climate change is a growing problem and some people does not even consider it as a problem. These are things that make this subject so remarkable. How come people look at it so differently when it is  something that will affect everyone in the end? For me environmental questions and climate change feels really important. I am studying business and my major is enterprising and business development. Because of that I want to learn even more about climate, to bring that knowledge into my future work. Since today’s competition and importance of being efficient is massive I would say it is even more important to actually have an environmental perspective. Enterprises have lately been developing fast, increasing profits, but one question I would like to ask is if they think of their impact on the environment? This question goes further to consumers to people? Do they understand their behaviour and what they do to the nature when travelling, when buying things? There are so many things that we people do that actually have an impact on the environment and climate, and we think of it too little if not at all. My assumptions is that people hide, people stop carrying because no one really tells them to care about climate change. There is much more that can be done and I want to be a part of that. This is one of the reasons for why I am studying â€Å"making sense of climate change†. I want to be aware, I want to learn and I want to gain knowledge that makes me able to change people’s perspective. In the end I want to be that person who makes a difference not only for myself but also for everybody.

Questions on compensation management

Questions on compensation management Managers of compensation and benefits play vital role in determining key aspects of decisions taken during strategy creation on compensation. The key premise is that the way employees are compensated can be a source of sustainable competitive advantage. Two alternative approaches namely best-fit/contingent business strategy/environmental context approach and best practices approach are common and applied by compensation and benefits managers in their decision-making on strategy creation on compensation i) Based on the above scenario, analyse the approach your company uses to pay staff. Infer its compensation strategy using five issues (objectives, alignment, competitiveness, employee considerations and management). ii) How does your company compare the compensation strategy using five issues? (Objectives, alignment, competitiveness, employee considerations and management) with the TWO (2) selected benchmark companies of your choice? iii) What business strategy does it seem to fit (i.e., cost cutter, customer centered, innovator, or something else)? Why? QUESTION 2 You own a non-union company with 100 non-exempt employees. All of these employees pack books into boxes for shipment to customers throughout the Southeast Asia and Europe. Because of the wide differences in performance, you have decided to try performance appraisal that has never been done before. Until now, you have given every worker the same size increase. Now you want to measure performance and reward the best performers with bigger increases. Based on this: i) Propose and develop performance appraisal format that you think would be most appropriate. Why do you choose this format? Justify your answer. ii) Do you anticipate any complaints, or other comments, from employees after you have implemented your new system? Build argument to support your answer. DATE OF SUBMISSION : 13 November 2010 QUESTION 1 Managers of compensation and benefits play vital role in determining key aspects of decisions taken during strategy creation on compensation. The key premise is that the way employees are compensated can be a source of sustainable competitive advantage. Two alternative approaches namely best-fit/contingent business strategy/environmental context approach and best practices approach are common and applied by compensation and benefits managers in their decision-making on strategy creation on compensation Based on the above scenario, analyse the approach your company uses to pay staff. Infer its compensation strategy using five issues (objectives, alignment, competitiveness, employee considerations and management). Compensation Compensation is defined as pay provided to an employee by an employer in return for work performed as required by a relevant task in the form of monetary and non- monetary. http://humanresources.about.com/od/glossaryc/g/compensation.htm Compensation is based on: Economic outlook in the market research about the merit of comparable jobs in the marketplace; Contributions and accomplishments of an employee; Employees skills which is available in the marketplace; the need of a employer to retain and attract employees; and the success of the company or the availability of funds and capability of an employer to pay employee the market-rate compensation. Best Practice Best Practice is defined as methods and techniques that have consistently shown results superior than those achieved with other means, and which are used as benchmarks to strive for. http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/best-practice.html Best Fit The McGraw-Hill text book quoted that the best-fit approach presumes that one size does not fit all. The art of managing compensation strategically involves fitting the compensation system to the different business and environment condition. It is important that each organisation develop a compensation system in the perspective of its organisation mission (what it is and what it does). Scholars have agreed that it is important that leaders of an organisation embrace compensation/fair pay practices. An effective system of compensation is highly significant because several problems relating to employee remuneration such as absenteeism occurs because employee feels they are under paid. Remuneration must fulfill the expectations and aspiration of employees and exploit their energies for the benefit of organisation. Retaining competent individuals for long is more difficult than attracting new fresh ones. Loyalty of employee towards an organisation depends on his/her perceptions about compensation. The organisations pay structure must, therefore be equitable and consistent. Employees get motivated to perform better when their past performance is rewarded adequately. Employees set expectations about rewards and compensation to be received, if certain levels of performance are achieved. Compensation Strategy in ABC Managed Services Malaysia Sdn Bhd Background of Organisation ABC Managed Services Malaysia Sdn Bhd is a subsidiary of ABC Consultants India Pte. Ltd. It was established here in Malaysia on July 2004 and has about 15 members as at today. Main focus of the business is Human Resource Outsourcing (HRO) and Information Technology Outsourcing (ITO). The HRO division takes care of the payroll processes and statutory compliance of organisations within the Asia region. Where the ITO division works on the information technology which assist a HR department to manage and maintain HR records. The organisation has mixed of local and expatriates member working for them. The Malaysia office is headed by a country manager who reports to Head of Asia Pacific who is based in Singapore. Current Practice at ABC Managed Services Malaysia Sdn Bhd Compensation in ABC Managed Services ABC Managed Services compensation program is managed by their corporate office based in Chennai, India and there is a compensation policy which is used as a guideline as their compensation program for all ABC Consultant employees worldwide. These policies are designed to assist in the consistent, equitable, and effective administration of the program, in all ABC Consultant operations and its locations. Application of these policies is contingent upon specific review of local legal, regulatory, tax, and prevailing business practice considerations. The policies applies to all employees and administered without regard to an employees race, color, nationality, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation or disability as it relates to relevant local regulations. Responsibility of Compensation Administration The administration of ABC Managed Services compensation program is a shared responsibility. The manner in which responsibility is shared is as follows: The Board The Board will have responsibility for approving the ABC Managed Services pay strategy and philosophy, and for establishing annual compensation program priorities and budgets. Guidance will be provided to the Board by the Global Head of Human Resources. Global Head of Human Resources The Global Head of Human Resources, working with the Global Compensation Team and Regional HR Heads, is the final management authority on all compensation administration issues based on the Boards directives. Specific responsibilities include: Formulating and finalizing the overall compensation administration program objectives and general policies Recommending any promotions, equity adjustments and/or merit budget Approving any significant changes or exceptions to the compensation administration program Reviewing and approving career band and pay zone assignment for all new or revised jobs Reviewing and approving salary adjustments for all employees Ensuring the overall compensation administration program is administered in accordance with the policies and procedures documented in the compensation manual Reviewing, approving, and maintaining job descriptions for all jobs Producing regular monitoring report of salary increases and budget. Global Compensation Team/HR Regional Heads The Global Compensation Team and HR Regional Heads are responsible for maintaining the effectiveness of the compensation administration program for employees in their respective regions/countries. Specifically, the group will be collectively responsible for: Reviewing salary adjustments and making recommendations, declining or gaining approval from executive management Administering the compensation administration program in accordance with the policies and procedures documented in the compensation manual Developing, in conjunction with the Global Compensation Team, recruiter and hiring manager, an appropriate starting salary for new hire Department Management Each management employee is responsible for maintaining the effectiveness of the compensation administration program for employees in his/her area(s) of responsibility. Specifically, these department management employees are responsible for: Coaching and mentoring staff to deliver on corporate goals and values Conducting performance appraisals for subordinates Recommending salary adjustments and promotions when warranted Developing job descriptions for new/revised jobs within his/her area(s) of responsibility Developing, in conjunction with the Regional HR staff, an appropriate starting salary for a new hire Compensation objectives: Studies have shown that Pay systems are designed to communicate strong messages of strategy and directions are necessary to generate organisational performance. (Lawler, 1995) ABC Managed Servicess pay objectives are as follows:- to increase performance by reducing costs creating new process, enhancing quality and productivity increasing speed to market service Recognizing employee and team effort and treat everyone fairly To ensure that the organisation meets the above, it needs to focus on the capabilities of their employees. With the above objectives, ABC Managed Services and Global HR department uses it as a guide and as standard to design its pay system. Internal Alignment Since ABC Managed Services are into the HRO and ITO industry, the job and skills required by employee are compared to the companys organisation business objectives. For examples, in the HRO division, executive with knowledge/skills of preparing payroll for other part of Asia region are welcomed, it is found to be difficult to get talent with knowledge of other Asia countries payroll skills. Therefore, ABC Managed Services manages the differences with an addition of allowance if one knows and has Asia country pay rolling skills. The allowance can be in the range of RM300 to RM500 depending on experience and skills obtained. Since it is a niche market obtaining talent of such skills, the organisation also invest into additional training to be competitive within the standard and market. The organisation also encourages its team members to have multitasking skills and encourages harmonious working environment. The ABC Managed Services current pay structure is based on Pay- for performance. Pay for performance includes the management of both salary increments and bonuses, based on individual, group or company performance or a combination of these. External Competitiveness The ABC Managed Services has high risk losing its employee to its competitors. Based on the recent salary outlook survey conducted by Kelly Services recruitment agency for year 2010/2011, it is found that ABC Managed services is underpaying its employee 2% less compared to the market. Although ABC Managed Services is underpaying its members based salary, but it was providing good benefits such as traveling allowance, gym membership, and meal allowance. It also provides good annual leave structure for its employee which we cant find their competitors providing the same. Since the organisation is paying its employee based on performance, there are opportunities for its employees to perform better and get a higher pay. Employee Contributions In ABC Managed Services it emphasis pay for performance and it can be individual or team performances. At times, the organisation receives one time project which requires members to work in a team, so in this scenario, the management fix a onetime bonus payout for team achievement and paid to individual based on their contribution to the success of the project and if it is a team effort, the team will be paid double upon completion of the said project. This encourages the team members to work as a team since if it is a team effort the bonus will be higher if compared to an individual payout. If the customers give good feedback, the team will be given a holiday package as a treat. Management The decision of pay and incentives of ABC Managed Services is decided by Global Head of Human Resource who is based in India. She usually makes use of the information of labor market in local countries and base on the countrys economic status before establishing the compensation level for its employee. The text book mentioned that how open and transparent should the pay decisions be to all employees? In this case, employee here in Malaysia isnt aware how the pay is decided, or how the pay for performance is based on. All they know is that, their pay increases on yearly basis if their performance falls into exceed expectation category of their individual performance appraisal and what their immediate bosses has recommended on their performance. To answer the question, if the organisation is using Best Fit or Best Practice, I would say the organisation uses best fit which matches for the organisation to stay competitive in Malaysia and retain its employee so the scope for local judgment is built in, allowing for some adjustment by local management to local business needs, thus resulting in compensation system that are aligned to both corporate and local performance targets. ii) How does your company compare the compensation strategy using five issues (objectives, alignment, competitiveness, employee considerations and management) with the TWO (2) selected benchmark companies of your choice? I am using 2 other organisation which is in the same industry with ABC Managed Services which focuses on HR outsourcing business here in Malaysia. The only differences between ABC Managed Services and the other 2 organisation (ZX Services and MY Agency are both locally owned and not foreign owned like ABC Managed Services and been in the industry for more than 2 decades. All of this 3 organisation have a pay strategy to support their business strategy. ABC Managed Services ZX Services MY Agency Objectives To increase performance by reducing costs Creating new process, enhancing quality and productivity Increasing speed to market service Recognizing employee and team effort and treat everyone fairly Hard work towards meeting difficult goals and achieving objectives Innovation in a highly technical environment Team work motivated Perseverance against tough competition High ethical standards in a constantly changing world Support business mission and goals Internal Alignment Support Multitasking skills Performance based Encourage team culture Ensure compensation is internally equitable through annual pay analysis Ensure cost is justified allowing company to meet financial goals link pay to performance through the performance appraisal system ensure compensation is externally competitive through annual salary review; while salary increases are not guaranteed, we will review salaries annually Externally Competitive Market competition in base and benefits Leader in benefits Compares favorably with higher-performance competitors Their leaders are committed to review their programs, policies and practices on a regular, and as-needed, basis to maintain in the competitive position Career band system is based upon the 50th percentile of the competitive market in each country relative to the outsourcing industry Career bands and pay zones are broad, allowing company to reward high performing employees without undue pressure to promote people outside of their interests, Employee Contributions Bonuses and commission paid based on organisations success and on individual performance Annual salary increments rate is for respective countries based on market survey Annual increment based on individual performance Bonus based on the overall performance of the company Annual increment based on individual and team performance Management Annual Salary Increment controlled by top management of the organisation. Technology support Open communication Ensure compensation is internally equitable through annual pay analysis Ensure employees understand how they are compensated and the value of their total compensation packages Salary matters controlled by local company Salary matters controlled by local company Open and transparent Company ABC Managed seems to have aligned compensation strategy compared with the other 2 organisation. Their strategy is fitting into the organisations mission and also staying competitive within the industry. They have happy employees working for them and who have loyalty to serve the organisation. The organisation that fosters a friendly and family culture helps the organisation to meet its objective and goal to be a leader in the Outsourcing industry. Since ABC Managed Services is a new organisation compared with the other 2 organisation, there are always rooms for growth in the industry if they stay competitive. iii) What business strategy does it seem to fit (i.e., cost cutter, customer centered, innovator, or something else)? Why? In my opinion, I dont think there is one business strategy which seems to fit for any organisation. Most organisations will likely have the mixture or combination of cost cutter, customer centered or innovator as their strategy. In ABC Managed Services, their business strategy are based on being innovative, customer oriented since its in the services industry and always looking towards cost cutting measures and increase productivity. With these business strategies, it becomes the main drive for them to achieve their vision to become a leader in the HRO/ITO industry worldwide and remain excellent in customer satisfaction. Compensation decisions should be fully integrated into the organizations business and operations strategy, through company own compensation philosophy. QUESTION 2 You own a non-union company with 100 non-exempt employees. All of these employees pack books into boxes for shipment to customers throughout the Southeast Asia and Europe. Because of the wide differences in performance, you have decided to try performance appraisal that has never been done before. Until now, you have given every worker the same size increase. Now you want to measure performance and reward the best performers with bigger increases. Based on this: Propose and develop performance appraisal format that you think would be most appropriate. ( Enclosed) Why do you choose this format? Justify your answer. The reason why I choose the following format is because the performance appraisal form should be simple and easy to understand by employee and the supervisors. This method used to describe a performance rating that focused on specific behaviors or sets as indicators of effective or ineffective performance. This method is very useful and exact. This will also allow supervisor just focus on the questions based on competencies which had been stated on the form and provide rating according to employees performance. The appraisal form will also wont take much time for the employee to prepare and we used simple English as mode of communication. Performance appraisal encourages employee to discuss their performance with their supervisor and strengthen their working relationships. By doing a performance appraisal, it allows healthy competition among employees to be more productive and motivate since increment henceforth will be based on employees performance. Initial training will be provided to supervisor on how to use the performance appraisal and this will also allow us to inform all employees what is our organisations objective and what is expected from them to ensure the organisations goal are met. Having a performance appraisal will also help supervisor to ensure career path for all employees. The annual performance appraisal review becomes one of the most effective methods of insuring an efficient and effective operation. Question 2(i) Performance Appraisal Form Non Exempt employee Name of Appraisee: Appraisal Period: Department: Job Title: Name of Appraiser: Appraisal Date: Instructions Review the current position description with employee and discuss how the tasks relate to the performance standards. Use the following rating scale for each performance standard. High and low ratings must be supported by specific examples of critical incidents occurring during the appraisal period. Rating Scales Rating ( Scales of 1 5 ) Definition 5. Outstanding Exceptional performance in all areas of responsibility. Planned objectives were achieved well above the established standards and accomplishments were made in unexpected areas 4. Exceeds Expectations Performance consistently exceeds expectations of the position. Reserve this rating for a highly-motivated employee who demonstrates superior quality work and maintains a high level of effectiveness with little or no supervision. Document specific critical incidents of behavior that illustrate this rating on the back of the performance management form. 3. Meets Expectations Performance consistently meets expectations of the position. Use this rating for a fully-trained employee who performs all expectations of the position. 2. Needs Improvement Needs on-the-job or outside training to gain new skills and/or knowledge. Use this rating for an employee who is newly hired, recently promoted or has assumed new responsibilities. 1. Does Not Meet Minimum Standards Performance does not meet expectations of the position. Corrective action has been identified and discussed with the employee. Reserve this rating for an employee who has not benefited from development and training, and continues to have difficulty with job responsibilities. Document specific critical incidents of behavior that illustrate this rating on the back of the performance management form. Standards are divided into three categories: basic performance standards, optional performance standards and supervisors performance standards. Basic standards are designed to be used for all jobs. Supervisors can use optional standards in addition to the basic standards. They may also write standards that are specific to the job on additional paper and attach them to the form. The supervisors performance standards are for jobs with clearly defined supervisory responsibilities and are used in addition to the basic and optional standards for all supervisory jobs. The appraisal period is identified at the top of the form. To determine ratings, only use critical incidents that took place during this appraisal period. The section for goal setting is provided to promote discussion during the appraisal interview. Supervisors can identify goals for the next appraisal period, indicate training needs, or specify corrective action when appropriate. Once an employee and supervisor have set goals on a previous performance management form, supervisors will request the employee to conduct a self-assessment of progress towards these goals prior to the next performance appraisal interview. When an employee receives a 5 (Outstanding) rating, identify the critical incidents that support the rating. This rating cannot be used unless critical incidents are identified. When an employee receives a 2 (Need Improvement) or 1 ( Does not meet Minimum standard) rating, define corrective action required, identify an appropriate time frame for desired results, and discuss any appropriate training needs. If verbal or written counseling has occurred on the same topic during the appraisal period, indicate dates of the counseling and identify any evidence of progress. Have the employee sign the form when the appraisal interview is completed. The signature indicates all the information on the form has been discussed with the supervisor. Make copies of the completed form and give one copy to the employee, keep one copy for department files, and forward original to human resources. Complete the basic standards in Section I and select any optional standards from Section 2 that are appropriate for the job. Use ratings 5 Outstanding, 4 Exceeds expectations, 3 Meets expectations, 2 Needs performance development, or 1 Does not meet minimum standard. If you use 5, 2 or 1, you must document with specific examples of critical incidents to support the ratings on the back page. Section One: Basic Performance Standards Competency Description Ratings Job Knowledge Possesses knowledge of basic functions of the job. Does not require supervisor to explain routine tasks. Quality Completes tasks accurately, neatly and thoroughly. Checks work; limited rework required. Productivity Uses time effectively to complete work within prescribed deadlines with limited supervision. Safety Applies safe work habits for safety of self and coworkers. Uses tools and protective equipment carefully and correctly. Follows department safety rules. Service Responds to people in a helpful, polite, cooperative and friendly way. Judgment Analyzes situation before making decisions. Obtains feedback from appropriate individuals before making decisions. Follows policies and procedures. Maintains confidentiality. Relationships Works effectively with others to accomplish tasks. Shares information, accepts and incorporates suggestions from others. Keeps supervisor informed. Section Two: Optional Performance Standards Select any optional standards that are job related. You can also write standards that are specific to a job on a separate piece of paper. Competency Description Ratings Initiative Recognizes need for intervention and independently takes effective action. Attendance Arrives on time, schedules time off in advance. Sick leave accumulates regularly. Creativity Generates and applies creative ideas that improve operating procedures. Makes suggestions to simplify and improve procedures or tasks. Versatility Accepts changes in job or work area. Remains flexible and tries new approaches. Oral Communication Expresses thoughts clearly to others. Listens to questions and comments of others. Written Communication Expresses information clearly and concisely in writing. Job Enhancement Identifies job-related goals and ways to achieve them. Acquires new skills, increases education level when appropriate for job. Professional Appearance Dresses neatly and appropriately. Portrays image appropriate for job Rating Summary Count the total number of ratings in each category. 5 Outstanding 4 Exceeds Expectations 3 Meets Expectations 2 Needs performance development 1- Does Not Meet Minimum Standard Goals Use this area to set goals and identify training needs. Goals Training Needs High/Low Ratings Identify specific critical incidents of behavior that support rating 6, 2 or 1 ratings. Standard ( High/Low) Date Details of Critical Incident Supervisors Signature: Unit Heads signature: For HRD Use: Employees Comments: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Signing this form means your supervisor has discussed all the information on the form with you. You do not have to agree with the appraisal summary when you sign the form. You may choose to make comments. Use additional paper if necessary. Employees Signature Date ii) Do you anticipate any complaints, or other comments, from employees after you have implemented your new system? Build argument to support your answer. Yes, I do anticipate complaints after implementation since most of the employees didnt experience appraisal process for a long time in this organisation. Since its something new to them and they need to understand that the appraisal tool will help them to grow and be motivated. They shouldnt see the performance appraisal tool is used to judge their capability and a tool which make them loose their income. I foreseen several resistance from employees especially those fear of getting poor rating. To avoid such scenario, I will ensure the employees understand the purpose as well the process of appraisal. Every employee should be aware of the standard and what exactly is expected from them. The employees may fear that there also may be rater error which likely to occur, to avoid such incident the supervisor should exercise objectivity and fairness in evaluating and rating the performance of their employees. Training will be provided to supervisor and advising them on how to ensure accurate evaluation. Common errors like positive leniency, where supervisor gives all employee high scores or negative leniency, where supervisor gives all employee low scores. This will create unhappiness among employee especially for those who are really making good contribution and being productive. In reality, many supervisors conduct performance appraisal poorly. The appraisal procedure is to have 2 way communications between employee and supervisor to find out how to improve the current performance standard and move to the next level, but this seldom

Heart Of Darkness :: essays research papers

Heart of Darkness Joseph Conrad (1857-1924) was a Polish-born author who wrote in English. He became famous for the novels and short stories that he wrote about the sea. Conrad left Poland at the age of 16 and arrived in England at the age of 20, unable to speak English. During the next 16 years he worked his way up from deckhand to captain in the British Merchant Navy and so mastered his adopted language and was able to write some of its greatest novels. Conrad used experiences of his life in many of his works. From his voyages in the Indian Ocean and Malay Archipelago came some of his best-known novels. He began with his novel Almayer’s Folly (1895) set in Borneo. Heart of Darkness is based on his voyage up the Congo River, and he uses memories of his early voyages in the Caribbean. The people of Conrad’s day infuriated him by thinking of him as merely a writer of sea stories. But Conrad knew his work really dealt with universal problems. He used the concentrated little world of a ship to treat the general problems that obsessed him: How can society endure against all the destructive forces of the individual ego and the modern world and mostly, the clash between capitalism and revolution in colonized areas of the world. Conrad also wrote two absorbing novels about revolutionaries in Europe. Conrad was not particularly interested in character for its own sake. He was most interested in men who were actively pursuing their aims in life like the captain of the Narcissus novel, who triumphs over weakness and evil. More often, Conrad’s heroes yield to the powers of weakness and evil in them than in others. But Conrad was not exactly a pessimist. He affirmed the value of the old-fashioned virtues such as courage, fidelity, and discipline. Conrad was modern in realizing how enormously difficult it is for people to practice such virtues. Born and raised in an era of world revolution, Conrad certainly knew the effects any change could leave on a society or nation. He was influenced socially simply because he lived during this time. His influences were probably the strongest as a child when he moved to another country and suffered much from the lack of language, knowledge of societal and cultural norms, and class differences. Nevertheless, Conrad’s live in general played a tremendous role on influencing him in the writing of this novel.